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[00:01.00]Last month,United States Senator John McCain was treated for the most serious kind of skin cancer,malignant melanoma.
[00:11.52]Doctors removed the cancer in an operation.
[00:16.67]Later tests showed that the cancer had not spread from the skin to other organs.
[00:23.85]Malignant melanoma can be cured if it is removed before it spreads to other parts of the body.
[00:33.02]But the disease can kill if it spreads.
[00:38.30]The World Health Organization says two-hundred-thousand people around the world are found to have malignant melanoma each year.
[00:49.74]About forty-seven-thousand new cases of melanoma are found in the United States each year.
[00:58.62]The American Dermatology Association says almost eight-thousand Americans will die this year from the disease.
[01:08.84]The cancer begins in body cells that produce a brown color.
[01:15.65]It usually first grows in a dark area of skin called a mole.
[01:22.08]Melanoma most often is recognized as a dark area with an unusual shape.
[01:29.92]An operation to remove the cancerous cells can cure melanoma if the cancer has not spread.
[01:39.37]Doctors treat melanoma that has spread with chemotherapy drugs to kill any cancer cells that were not removed in the operation.
[01:51.39]Radiation also may be used to kill cancerous cells and reduce the size of any cancerous growths.
[02:02.18]The newest kind of treatment for melanoma is the use of molecules produced by the human body.
[02:11.82]The purpose of this treatment is to improve the body's own defenses against cancer cells.
[02:20.33]The five-year survival rate for melanoma that has spread to the lymph nodes is thirty to forty percent.
[02:30.73]The five-year survival rate is only twelve percent if the cancer has spread to other organs such as the liver,bones or brain.
[02:43.61]Doctors believe too much sunlight can cause melanoma.
[02:49.64]This is especially true for people who have light skin and were burned by the sun when they were young.
[02:58.81]Some people are more likely than others to develop melanoma.
[03:04.48]These include people whose family members had the disease.
[03:10.15]They also include people who have a large number of moles on their bodies.
[03:16.86]Doctors say people should protect their skin from the sun.
[03:21.88]They should always wear a hat and protective clothing.
[03:26.14]They should use a sun protection liquid.
[03:30.18]Doctors also say people should examine their bodies often for any changes in moles or the presence of new dark areas.
